9. Penance: A Medieval Pastoral Impasse
A Pastoral Impasse As the Church developed its pastoral care there emerged a difficulty in dealing with Christians who seemed to keep...
8. The Medieval Irish Church: Schism and the Pursuit of Unity
The English Invasion of Britain After the Roman legions left Britain in 410, a wave of Anglo-Saxon (English) invaders gradually took...
7. The Monastic Vision
Reading the Monastic Vision into Scripture The Desert, vows of poverty, separation from the world, asceticism, celibacy, and the communal...
6. Celtic vs. Roman Christianity: A Valid Concept?
Celtic versus Roman Christianity: A Valid Concept? When scholars of medieval history today refer to the ‘Celtic Church’ they are...
5. Jerome: The Bible and its early translation
The Bible in Translation After returning from the Babylonian exile in the 5th century BC many Jews no longer spoke or understood Hebrew....
4. Augustine: The Doctor of Grace
The Last Days of Antiquity In 380 Emperor Theodosius I (the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and the western halves of the...
3. Imperial Christianity
Constantine Constantine was the first “Christian emperor” of the Roman Empire who ruled from 306–337. His father Constantius Chlorus was...
2. Terror and Toleration: The Church until Constantine
Terror and Toleration From the first to the fourth centuries Christianity within the Roman Empire was viewed as a sect with suspicion,...
